Unit 2 · Present and past
Present simple (I do)
Study
We use the present simple to talk about things in general. We use it to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly, or that something is true in general:
Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
I usually go away at weekends.
The earth goes round the sun.
The cafe opens at 7.30 in the morning.
We say:
| I work | but | he works |
| you go | but | it goes |
| they teach | but | my sister teaches |
| I have | but | he has |
For spelling (-s or -es), see Appendix 6.
Study this example situation: Alex is a bus driver, but now he is in bed asleep.
He is not driving a bus. (He is asleep.)
but He drives a bus. He is a bus driver.
drive(s), work(s), do(es) etc. is the present simple:
| I / we / you / they | drive / work / do etc. |
| he / she / it | drives / works / does etc. |
We use do / does to make questions and negative sentences:
| do | I / we / you / they | work? / drive? / do? |
| does | he / she / it | |
| I / we / you / they | don't | work / drive / do |
| he / she / it | doesn't |
I come from Canada. Where do you come from?
What does this word mean? (not What means this word?)
Rice doesn't grow in cold climates.
In the following examples, do is also the main verb (do you do / doesn't do etc.):
'What do you do?' 'I work in a shop.'
He's always so lazy. He doesn't do anything to help.
We use the present simple to say how often we do things:
I get up at 8 o'clock every morning.
How often do you go to the dentist?
Julie doesn't drink tea very often.
Robert usually goes away two or three times a year.
I promise / I apologise etc. Sometimes we do things by saying something. For example, when you promise to do something, you can say 'I promise …'; when you suggest something, you can say 'I suggest …':
I promise I won't be late. (not I'm promising)
'What do you suggest I do?' 'I suggest that you …'
In the same way we say: I apologise … / I advise … / I insist … / I agree … / I refuse … etc.
→ Present simple and present continuous: Units 3–4 · Present tenses for the future: Unit 19
Exercises (5)
Complete the sentences using the following verbs (in the correct form).
- 1Tanya German very well.example
- 2Ben and Jack to the same school.
- 3Bad driving many accidents.
- 4The museum at 4 o'clock on Sundays.
- 5My parents in a very small flat.
- 6The Olympic Games place every four years.
- 7The Panama Canal the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
Put the verb into the correct form.
- 1Julia (not / drink) tea very often.example
- 2What time (the banks / close) here?
- 3I have a car, but I (not / use) it much.
- 4Where (Maria / come) from? Is she Spanish?
- 5'What (you / do)?' 'I'm an electrician.'
- 6Look at this sentence. What (this word / mean)?
- 7David isn't very fit. He (not / do) any sport.
- 8It (take) me an hour to get to work in the morning. How long (it / take) you?
Complete the sentences using these verbs. Sometimes you need the negative.
- 1The earth round the sun.example
- 2Rice in cold climates.example
- 3The sun in the east.
- 4Bees honey.
- 5Vegetarians meat.
- 6An atheist in God.
- 7An interpreter from one language into another.
- 8Liars are people who the truth.
- 9The River Amazon into the Atlantic Ocean.
You ask Lisa questions about herself and her family. Write the questions.
- 1You know that Lisa plays tennis. You want to know how often. Ask her.example
- 2Perhaps Lisa's sister plays tennis too. You want to know. Ask Lisa.
- 3You know that Lisa goes to the cinema a lot. You want to know how often. Ask her.
- 4You know that Lisa's brother works. You want to know what he does. Ask Lisa.
- 5You're not sure whether Lisa speaks Spanish. You want to know. Ask her.
- 6You don't know where Lisa's grandparents live. You want to know. Ask Lisa.
Complete using the following.
- 1Mr Evans is not in the office today. you try calling him tomorrow.example
- 2I won't tell anybody what you said. .
- 3(in a restaurant) You must let me pay for the meal. .
- 4for what I said. I shouldn't have said it.
- 5The new restaurant in Baker Street is very good. it.
- 6I think you're absolutely right. with you.