Unit 100 · Conjunctions and clauses
If I had ... If we went ... etc.
Study
Dan likes fast cars, but he doesn't have one. He doesn't have enough money.
If he had the money, he would buy a fast car.
Usually had is past, but in this sentence had is not past. If he had the money = if he had the money now (but he doesn't have it).
| had / knew / lived (etc.) ... | would ... | |
| If | didn't have / didn't know (etc.) ... | wouldn't ... |
| I | were ... | could ... |
| you | couldn't ... | |
| it | ||
| they |
You can say:
If he had the money, he would buy a car.
or
He would buy a car if he had the money.
I'd / she'd / they'd etc. = I would / she would / they would etc.:
I don't know the answer. If I knew the answer, I'd tell you.
It's raining, so we're not going out. We'd get wet if we went out.
Jane lives in a city. She likes cities. She wouldn't be happy if she lived in the country.
If you didn't have a job, what would you do? (but you have a job)
I'm sorry I can't help you. I'd help you if I could. (but I can't)
If we had a car, we could travel more. (but we don't have a car, so we can't travel much)
If (I) was/were ...
You can say: if I/he/she/it was or if I/he/she/it were
It's not a very nice place. I wouldn't go there if I were you. (or ... if I was you)
It would be nice if the weather was better. (or ... if the weather were better)
What would Tom do if he were here? (or ... if he was here)
Compare:
if I have / if it is etc.
I must go and see Helen. If I have time, I will go today. (= maybe I'll have time, so maybe I'll go)
I like that jacket. I'll buy it if it isn't too expensive. (= maybe it will not be too expensive)
I'll help you if I can. (= maybe I can)
if I had / if it was etc.
I must go and see Helen. If I had time, I would go today. (= I don't have time today, so I will not go)
I like this jacket, but it's very expensive. I'd buy it if it wasn't so expensive. (= it is expensive, so I'm not going to buy it)
I'd help you if I could, but I can't.
Exercises (4)
Complete the sentences.
- 1I don't know the answer. If I the answer, I'd tell you.example
- 2I have a car. I couldn't travel very much if I a car.example
- 3I don't want to go out. If I to go out, I'd go.
- 4We don't have a key. If we a key, we could get into the house.
- 5I'm not hungry. I would have something to eat if I hungry.
- 6Sue enjoys her work. She wouldn't do it if she it.
- 7He can't speak any foreign languages. If he speak a foreign language, perhaps he would get a better job.
- 8You don't try hard enough. If you harder, you would have more success.
- 9I have a lot to do today. If I so much to do, we could go out.
Put the verb in the correct form.
- 1If he the money, he would buy a fast car. (he/have)example
- 2Jane likes living in a city. She happy if she lived in the country. (she/not/be)example
- 3If I wanted to learn Italian, to Italy. (I go)
- 4I haven't told Helen what happened. She'd be angry if (she/know)
- 5If a map, I could show you where I live. (we/have)
- 6What would you do if a lot of money? (you/win)
- 7It's not a very good hotel. there if I were you. (I/not/stay)
- 8If nearer London, we would go there more often. (we/live)
- 9It's a shame you have to go now. nice if you had more time. (it/be)
- 10I'm not going to take the job. I'd take it if better. (the salary/be)
- 11I don't know anything about cars. If the car broke down, what to do. (I/not/know)
- 12If you could change one thing in the world, what ? (you/change)
Complete the sentences. Choose from the box and put the verb in the correct form.
- 1I'd buy that jacket if .example
- 2If there was a good film on TV tonight, .
- 3This room would be nicer if .
- 4If there wasn't so much traffic, .
- 5Life would be boring if .
- 6If I had nothing to do, .
- 7We could invite all our friends to stay if .
- 8If we had more money, .
Complete the sentences. Use your own ideas.
- 1I'd be happier if .example
- 2If I could go anywhere in the world, .
- 3I wouldn't be very happy if .
- 4I'd buy if .
- 5If I saw an accident in the street, .
- 6The world would be a better place if .