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Unit 88 · Pronouns and determiners

all / all of most / most of no / none of etc.

Study

A

You can use these words with a noun (some food / few books etc.):

›

All cars have wheels.

›

Some cars can go faster than others.

›

Many people drive too fast.

›

I go away most weekends.

›

I feel really tired. I've got no energy.

We do not say 'all of cars', 'some of people' etc. (see Section B):

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Some people learn more easily than others. (not Some of people)

B

You can use these words with of (some of / most of etc.):

some of the …
most of + my …
none of etc. this … these …
that … those … etc.

So you can say:

›

some of the people, some of those people (but not some of people)

›

most of my time, most of the time (but not most of time)

›

Some of the people I work with are very strange.

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None of this money is mine.

›

Have you read any of these books?

›

I was ill yesterday. I spent most of the day in bed.

You don't need of after all or half. So you can say:

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All my friends live near here. or All of my friends …

›

Half this money is mine. or Half of this money …

Compare:

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All flowers are beautiful. (= all flowers in general)

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All (of) these flowers are beautiful. (= a specific group of flowers)

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Most problems have a solution. (= most problems in general)

›

We were able to solve most of the problems we had. (= a specific group of problems)

C

You can use all of / some of / none of etc. + it/us/you/them:

all of it
some of + us
any of you
most of them
none of etc.
›

A: Do you like this music? B: Some of it. Not all of it.

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A: How many of these people do you know? B: None of them. / A few of them.

›

Do any of you want to come to a party tonight? (said to more than 2 people)

We say: all of us / all of you / half of it / half of them etc. You need of before it/us/you/them:

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All of us were late. (not all us)

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I haven't finished the book yet. I've only read half of it. (not half it)

D

We also use some/most etc. alone, without a noun:

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Some cars have four doors and some have two.

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A few of the shops were open, but most (of them) were closed.

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Half this money is mine, and half (of it) is yours. (not the half)

all ➜ Unit 75B, 90, 110D · some and any ➜ Unit 85 · no and none ➜ Unit 86 · much/many/little/few ➜ Unit 87 · all of whom / most of which etc. ➜ Unit 96B

Exercises (4)

0/4 exercises checked
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88.1

Put in of where necessary. Leave the space empty if the sentence is already complete.

  1. 1
    All cars have wheels. (the sentence is already complete)example
  2. 2
    None this money is mine.
  3. 3
    There were problems at the airport and some flights were cancelled.
  4. 4
    Some the films I've seen recently have been very violent.
  5. 5
    Joe never goes to museums. He says that all museums are boring.
  6. 6
    I think some people watch too much TV.
  7. 7
    Do you want any these magazines or can I throw them away?
  8. 8
    Kate has lived in London most her life.
  9. 9
    Joe has lived in Chicago all his life.
  10. 10
    Most days I get up before 7 o'clock.
  11. 11
    I usually have a little sugar in my coffee.
  12. 12
    They won the lottery a few years ago, but they've spent most the money.
88.2

Choose from the list and complete the sentences. Use of (some of / most of etc.) where necessary.

accidentsEuropean countriesmy dinnerthe playersbirdsher friendsmy spare timethe populationcarsher opinionsthe buildingsthese books
  1. 1
    I haven't read many .example
  2. 2
    All have wheels.example
  3. 3
    I spend much gardening.
  4. 4
    Many are caused by bad driving.
  5. 5
    It's a historic town. Many are over 400 years old.
  6. 6
    When Emily got married, she kept it a secret. She didn't tell any .
  7. 7
    Not many people live in the north of the country. Most live in the south.
  8. 8
    Not all can fly. For example, the penguin can't fly.
  9. 9
    Our team played badly and lost the game. None played well.
  10. 10
    Emma and I have different ideas. I don't agree with many .
  11. 11
    Sarah travels a lot in Europe. She has been to most .
  12. 12
    I had no appetite. I could only eat half .
88.3

Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.

  1. 1
    The building was damaged in the explosion. All were broken.example
  2. 2
    We argue sometimes, but get on well most of .
  3. 3
    I went to the cinema by myself. None of wanted to come.
  4. 4
    The test was hard. I could only answer half .
  5. 5
    Some of you took at the wedding were really good.
  6. 6
    'Did you spend all I gave you?' 'No, there's some left.'
88.4

Complete the sentences. Use: all of / some of / none of + it/them/us (all of it / some of them etc.)

  1. 1
    These books are all Sarah's. belong to me.example
  2. 2
    'How many of these books have you read?' ' Every one.'
  3. 3
    We all got wet in the rain because had an umbrella.
  4. 4
    Some of this money is yours and is mine.
  5. 5
    Many of my friends have travelled a lot, but has ever been to Africa.
  6. 6
    Not all the tourists in the group were Spanish. were French.
  7. 7
    I watched most of the film, but not .
  8. 8
    He told us his life story, but was true. It was all invented.